💡 律咖编者按： 本文由律咖网社群读者 ray 投稿分享。 为了方便大家阅读，律咖网编辑 JingJing（微信：lvga2015）对原文进行了细致的逻辑润色与合规性整理。希望能给正在 古巴 创业路上的你带来真实的参考。

I’ve been living in Camagüey for 14 months now, managing a small cross-border consulting firm that helps Chinese entrepreneurs navigate local compliance. I didn’t come here for the beaches. I came because the cost of doing business in Southeast Asia had become unsustainable — and I thought Cuba might offer a neutral ground for tax-efficient structuring.

I was wrong about the neutrality. But I was right about one thing: residency extension in Camagüey is no longer a paperwork exercise. It’s a logistics puzzle shaped by fuel shortages, political pressure, and silent bureaucratic paralysis.

This isn’t about whether your passport has six months left. It’s about whether the government office you need to visit has fuel to power its generator — or if the police van that transports documents to Havana has run out of diesel.

Here’s what I’ve learned, broken down into four layers.

一、表层现象：居留延期流程“卡住”了

The official process for extending your Residencia Temporal (Temporary Residency) in Camagüey requires three steps:

  1. Submit Formulario de Solicitud de Prórroga de Residencia at the Oficina de Nacionalidad e Inmigración (ONI).
  2. Provide proof of financial solvency (bank statement, rental contract, or business registration).
  3. Pay the fee — approximately 1,000 CUP (≈ $40 USD), though exchange rates fluctuate wildly.

On paper, it takes 10–15 business days.

In reality?
I waited 47 days last year.
This year? My application was “in process” for 63 days — and I didn’t get a single email, call, or update.

Why?
Because the ONI office in Camagüey doesn’t have consistent electricity.
Because the courier service that delivers documents to Havana hasn’t had fuel since mid-January.
Because the local police unit that verifies addresses no longer patrols beyond 3 km from the city center.

You’re not being ignored.
You’re caught in a system that has literally run out of fuel to function.

二、隐藏变量：燃料危机如何重塑行政系统

The crisis isn’t just about gas stations being empty.

According to reports from France24 and El País, Cuba’s fuel supply collapsed after Venezuela ceased oil exports following the January 2026 capture of Nicolás Maduro by U.S. authorities. The U.S. has since threatened secondary sanctions against any country shipping oil to Cuba — a move that has triggered a near-total blockade of maritime fuel deliveries.

The result?

  • Public transport reduced by 70% (NOS, Feb 14)
  • Universities and schools closed, workweeks shortened
  • Hospitals operating on backup generators with dwindling diesel
  • Document delivery networks — including immigration offices — paralyzed

In Camagüey, the ONI office now operates only on days when the generator runs. That’s usually two days a week — and only if a private supplier managed to bring a few liters from a neighboring province.

I spoke to a local clerk last week. She didn’t know when her next shipment of ink cartridges would arrive. She didn’t know if the printer would work. She didn’t know when the next batch of residency forms would be printed.

She only said:

“We’re doing our best. But the system doesn’t have the resources to do what it used to.”

This is not corruption.
This is systemic collapse.

Your residency extension isn’t being denied.
It’s being delayed because the machines that process it have run out of power.

三、制度逻辑：为什么古巴不公开承认“停摆”？

The Cuban government has not issued an official statement on the fuel crisis’s impact on immigration services.

As LNE reports, the Spanish government — historically tied to Cuba — has also remained silent, despite the severity of the situation.

Why?
Because admitting the collapse of administrative infrastructure would:

  1. Undermine the state’s legitimacy in managing daily life
  2. Encourage mass emigration
  3. Invite further international scrutiny — and potentially, sanctions

So instead, the system operates in silence.

You’re told:

“Su solicitud está en trámite.”
(Your application is in process.)

But no one can tell you where it is.
No one can tell you when it will move.
No one can tell you if it’s even still in the building.

This isn’t inefficiency.
It’s strategic opacity — a survival mechanism for a state with no fuel, no cash, and no external support.

The legal framework for residency remains unchanged.
The capacity to enforce it? Gone.

四、创业者视角：你该如何应对？

As a foreign entrepreneur, you can’t fix the system.
But you can adapt to it.

Here’s what I’ve learned from surviving 18 months in Camagüey under these conditions:

✅ 1. 延期申请必须提前 90 天启动，而不是 30 天

The official guideline says “apply 30 days before expiration.”
That’s a myth in 2026.

Start at 90 days.
Why? Because:

  • You need time for document verification (notarization, bank statements, rental contracts)
  • You need to wait for the ONI office to open
  • You need to be ready to resubmit if the system crashes again

I submitted mine on November 15, 2025.
It was only processed on January 28, 2026 — and I was still 12 days from expiration.

✅ 2. 保留所有纸质凭证，电子记录无效

The ONI doesn’t have a functioning digital system.
Emails are ignored.
WhatsApp messages go unanswered.
Online portals? Nonexistent.

You must:

  • Print 3 copies of every document
  • Get them notarized at a local notario
  • Carry them with you when you visit the office — even if you’ve already submitted them

I keep a physical folder labeled “Residencia Camagüey 2026.”
It contains:

  • Passport copies
  • Rental contract (signed + notarized)
  • Bank statement from Banco de Crédito y Comercio
  • Proof of monthly income (USD deposit receipts)
  • A handwritten note from my landlord confirming my address

✅ 3. 建立本地关系网络，而非依赖官方渠道

I don’t call the ONI.
I call the neighbor of the cousin of the woman who works in the municipal registry.

In Camagüey, information flows through personal networks — not public portals.

Ask your landlord.
Ask your accountant.
Ask the taxi driver who takes you to the bank.

They’ll know:

  • When the generator is scheduled to run
  • If the courier van is moving
  • Whether the immigration officer is working that week

One local told me:

“If you want your papers to move, bring them coffee. And a battery.”

I didn’t understand until I brought a portable charger and a bottle of Cuban coffee to the office.
The clerk smiled.
The next day, my file was pulled.

❓ FAQ

Q1: 居留延期必须本人到场吗？能否委托他人代办？

A:

  • 步骤：
    1. 准备授权书（Poder Notarial）——需由本地公证人（notario）签署
    2. 被委托人需携带本人身份证件 + 你的护照复印件 + 所有申请材料
    3. 前往 ONI 办公室，询问是否接受委托申请（部分办公室已暂停接收代办）
  • 路径：
    前往 Camagüey 市中心的 Oficina de Nacionalidad e Inmigración，地址：Calle 25 No. 405, entre 4 y 6, Camagüey
  • 要点清单：
    ✅ 授权书必须公证
    ✅ 被委托人需有本地身份证（Cédula de Identidad）
    ✅ 带上备用材料，以防系统故障
    ✅ 不要依赖电话或邮件确认，亲自确认

注：部分区域已暂停代办服务，建议以现场咨询为准。

Q2: 如果居留过期，会被强制驱逐吗？

A:

  • 步骤：
    1. 立即提交延期申请（即使已过期）
    2. 保留所有提交凭证（收据、回执、照片）
    3. 每周前往 ONI 办公室询问进度，记录日期和接待人员姓名
  • 路径：
    保持在 Camagüey 居住，不要尝试出境（机场和港口检查严格）
  • 要点清单：
    ✅ 过期 ≠ 非法居留（在系统瘫痪期间，政府默认“不可归责”）
    ✅ 不要尝试支付“加急费”（存在诈骗风险）
    ✅ 保留与房东的租赁合同，作为居住证明
    ✅ 避免与警察发生冲突，保持低调

注：目前无公开记录显示因居留过期而被驱逐的案例，但长期滞留可能影响未来签证申请。

Q3: 如何证明经济能力？银行存款要求是多少？

A:

  • 步骤：
    1. 提供近六个月的银行流水（需为 Banco de Crédito y Comercio 或 Banco Popular de Ahorro）
    2. 流水需显示稳定收入（建议每月 ≥ 1,000 CUP 或等值 USD）
    3. 如为自由职业者，提供客户付款记录（如 PayPal、Wise 转账截图 + 银行入账证明）
  • 路径：
    前往银行柜台打印官方流水，要求加盖印章
  • 要点清单：
    ✅ 无需高余额，但需“持续性”
    ✅ 每月收入建议 ≥ 1,000 CUP（约 $40，但实际购买力更高）
    ✅ 租赁合同 + 水电费缴费单可作为辅助证明
    ✅ 不接受现金存款证明（系统无法验证）

注：要求因地区而异，Camagüey 官方未公布明确金额，建议以实际提交成功案例为准。

✅ 结论：四条行动建议

  1. 把“延期”当成一场马拉松，而不是冲刺 —— 90天是底线，120天是常态。
  2. 纸质永远比数字可靠 —— 保存所有副本，随身携带，定期更新。
  3. 信任本地人，而不是官网 —— 你的房东、邻居、出租车司机，比移民局官网更懂系统如何运行。
  4. 不要试图绕过系统 —— 没有“快速通道”，没有“内部关系”，只有耐心和准备。

🔗 延伸阅读

🔸 Cuba asphyxiée par les États-Unis : l’ONU “inquiète” face à la crise
🗞️ 来源: France24 – 📅 2026-02-14
🔗 阅读原文

🔸 Jorge Piñón: “Si para marzo no vemos un tanquero en el horizonte, Cuba habrá llegado a la hora cero”
🗞️ 来源: El País – 📅 2026-02-14
🔗 阅读原文

🔸 Cuba revive la pesadilla de 1991: qué fue el “periodo especial” tras el colapso de la Unión Soviética y cómo afectó a la isla caribeña
🗞️ 来源: 20 Minutos – 📅 2026-02-14
🔗 阅读原文

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如果你也在古巴，或正计划前往 Camagüey 开展业务，欢迎在评论区留下你的经历。
我们不是在寻找答案，而是在拼凑真相。

前几天我和编辑 JingJing 聊起这件事，她说：“在混乱的系统里，最稀缺的不是资源，是清晰的记录。”

如果你需要一份我整理的《Camagüey 居留延期材料清单（2026版）》，可以添加 JingJing 微信：lvga2015，备注“古巴居留”，她会发你一份 PDF。

我们不卖服务。
我们只分享信息。
一起走，比一个人走，看得更远。